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Who is Satoshi Nakamoto

Bitcoin/EUR, cryptocurrency, Bitcoin/USD, cryptocurrency, Who is Satoshi Nakamoto

We are considering the most interesting theories about who is hiding under a pseudonym-programmers, mathematicians, Elon Musk or even the American authorities.

The main name in the crypto industry — Satoshi Nakamoto — is shrouded in a veil of secrets. The creator of bitcoin has never revealed his identity, which is why new theories about his real name appear with enviable regularity. For example, most recently, a senior Bloomberg analyst suggested that Nakamoto is actually a programmer Hal Finney, who died in 2014. So who is this mysterious Mr. Nakamoto? Let's consider the main theories and their consistency.

Content

  • How Satoshi Nakamoto appeared
  • California trail
  • What is Satoshi: Bitcoin for everyone

How Satoshi Nakamoto appeared

Satoshi Nakamoto is one of the most mysterious figures of the XXI century. No one really knows his real name. By the mid-2010s, he stopped participating in the development of cryptocurrency and has not appeared anywhere since. It is difficult to say for sure how many bitcoins Satoshi Nakamoto has — according to calculations, there are more than a million BTC on his wallet. Satoshi's fortune in dollars at the current exchange rate at the end of August 2021 is more than $49 billion.

Most of the seekers of the real Satoshi Nakamoto are inclined to believe that this name is fictitious. According to various sources, either one person or a group of people can hide behind a pseudonym. One thing remains obvious — in 2009, thanks to the efforts of Satoshi Nakamoto, the world of finance changed. Naturally, almost immediately crypto enthusiasts began to figure out who actually signs this Japanese name.

Nakamoto left the first clues-intentionally or unconsciously - on his own. A secret message is hidden in the initial transaction of the very first block of the system. There is nothing unusual about it, it's just part of the newspaper's headline: "The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor of the Exchequer Alistair Darling is close to providing assistance to banks for the second time."

But the Times is a British newspaper, and the article tells about purely British affairs. As a result, there was a theory about Satoshi - a Briton or a native of the former colonies. Indirect confirmations were also found in messages signed with a pseudonym — for example, in the source code of the bitcoin network or in posts. Satoshi used typical British English phrases — for example, bloody hard ("damn hard"). He called the apartment flat instead of apartment.

Another confirmation was found when analyzing the time of Satoshi's activity on the bitcoin forum. After researching more than 500 posts, Swiss programmer Stefan Thomas came to the conclusion that the creator of bitcoin almost never posts in the period from 5:00 to 11:00 GMT. When translated to Japanese time, it turns out that Satoshi slept from 14:00 to 20:00. This is not very similar to a normal daily routine.

It would seem that the case of Satoshi's origin is closed — he is clearly British, or perhaps he lives in the former colonies of the empire. But the search for a person under this pseudonym continues to this day, and no one knows an unambiguous answer to the question of who created bitcoin.

There are quite a lot of theories about who is hiding under a pseudonym: over the past decade, various people have called themselves and others the "real" Satoshi Nakamoto. Let's consider the most interesting of the assumptions.

California trail

Hal Finney

One of the most well-founded theories about the real name of Nakamoto is that the pseudonym was signed by a California programmer and cryptography specialist from California, Hal Finney. He was at the origins of bitcoin and together with Satoshi updated the code. Moreover, the first transaction in the network in the amount of 50 BTC in 2009 came to his address.

If you dig a little deeper, it turns out that Hal Finney also developed the proof-of-work system for the first time, which became the basis for many cryptocurrencies, including bitcoin. He was also one of the early crypto-enthusiasts, who were called "cipherpunks".

Finney is almost an ideal candidate for the role of Nakamoto. At the same time, the programmer himself denied his connection with the creation of the first cryptocurrency, when he was asked by Forbes journalist Andy Greenberg in 2014. He was led to Finney's trail by a stylistic analysis of the programmer's writing style, which was conducted by specialists from Juola & Associates. His style was as similar as possible to the language of Nakamoto's posts.

At that time, Finney was already paralyzed due to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. And a few months later, the programmer died after a long illness. Therefore, even if he was Satoshi Nakamoto, he will no longer be able to confirm this.

Another argument in favor of the theory appeared after Finney's death. In 1993, the programmer published a message in which he described the concept of NFT almost perfectly. He proposed to create unique digital collectible cards created using cryptography, which could be exchanged. After that, Eric Balchunas, a leading analyst at Bloomberg, wrote: "Of course, I'm not an expert on the issue, but from everything I've seen or read, Hal = Satoshi."

Read more: What is NFT and why are they worth millions?

Dorian Satoshi Nakamoto

Finney's trail was also prompted by the fact that a man whose real name was Satoshi Nakamoto lived next door to him. Dorian Satoshi Nakamoto. The incredible coincidence gave rise to two main theories: either Finney used the name of his neighbor when he created a pseudonym, or Dorian was really the same Satoshi.

Dorian Satoshi Nakamoto is an American of Japanese descent. Dorian's brother, Arthur Nakamoto, in a conversation with Newsweek journalist Leah Goodman described him as an excellent physicist, a very smart and very focused person, and also a rare bastard. "He worked on secret projects. For a while, his life was completely empty. You won't be able to reach him. He will deny everything. He will never admit that he created bitcoin, " the physicist's brother added.

One of the possible arguments in favor of the theory that Dorian is the creator of bitcoin was the life story of a physicist. He graduated from the California Polytechnic Institute, worked on secret projects of the Ministry of Defense, and also collaborated with information companies in the field of finance.

Dorian himself, when Goodman came to his house, called the police. The staff who arrived at the scene allowed the journalist to ask Dorian questions. Then the physicist, according to Goodman herself, " tacitly acknowledged his role in the project." Answering the question, he said that he no longer has anything to do with bitcoin.

After the article was published, Dorian wrote an official statement in which he completely denied his connection with the first cryptocurrency:

"My name is Dorian Satoshi Nakamoto. I became the hero of a Newsweek article about bitcoin. I am writing this statement to clear my name. I did not create or invent bitcoin and did not work on it. I unequivocally deny the Newsweek report"

Returning to the argument about the waking time of the real author of bitcoin, it is worth noting that the alleged dream of Satoshi Nakamoto, according to California time, lasted from 22:00 to 4:00.

Nick Szabo

Even before the creation of bitcoin began to be attributed to Finney and Dorian, there was an assumption that the real Satoshi Nakamoto could be programmer Nick Szabo. At the end of 2013, this assumption was put forward by the blogger Sky Gray.

The connection between Sabo and bitcoin Gray was prompted by the similarity of the style that the programmer wrote with the texts of Nakamoto. "Either Nick wrote the bitcoin white paper, or it was written by someone imitating Nick's writing style," the blogger stated.

The programmer's past also speaks in favor of the theory — in 1997 he first described smart contracts, and the next year he developed the concept of the digital currency Bit Gold (not related to Bitcoin Gold). The latter was never implemented, but HuffPost in 2015 called it the "forerunner of bitcoin".

Sabo himself denies any connection with the creation of the first cryptocurrency. In a conversation with the author of the book "Bitcoin: the future of money?" Dominic Frisby, the programmer said that he had nothing to do with Satoshi Nakamoto.

Steve Wright

Steve Wright is an Australian scientist and businessman, the owner of the rights to the bitcoin white paper and the 0.1 version of the network, and, according to the head of Binance, Changpeng Zhao, "the shame of the crypto industry".

In 2015, the journalists of Wired and Gizmodo called Wright a possible creator of bitcoin. But further investigation led the authors to doubt this conclusion — in a Wired article, Wright was described as follows:"he either invented bitcoin, or is a brilliant deceiver who very much wants us to believe that he did it."

But Wright himself, unlike many other alleged Satoshi, happily jumped on the hype train. At first, he called himself the creator of bitcoin in conversations with the media and provided dubious evidence, but in 2019, Wright registered the rights to the white book and the first version of the bitcoin network.

The businessman's representative called the latter fact "the first official recognition" that Wright is Satoshi. However, the US Copyright Office itself issued a clarification, in which it noted that the tasks of the department do not include checking the connection of a person with a pseudonym.

Elon Musk

In 2017, a former intern of the billionaire-owned SpaceX, Sahil Gupta, wrote a post on Medium, in which he offered his answer to the question of who Satoshi Nakamoto is. In his opinion, the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto hides none other than the most influential fan of Dogecoin.

To confirm his point of view, Gupta cited Musk's extensive experience in fintech as an example — after all, the billionaire was at the origins of the PayPal payment service. In addition, Musk once founded the IT company Zip2, which means that he also has development experience.

We would like to add that the billionaire was born and raised in South Africa, which was once a colony of Great Britain. It is not known how often he uses (and whether he uses at all) words and phrases characteristic of British English in his speech.

However, Musk himself, like many who were credited with the role of Nakamoto, denies his connection with the creation of bitcoin. After Gupta's post was spread by the world media, the billionaire tweeted that this information was not true.

In addition to Musk, there were other contenders for the Satoshi Nakamoto fortune. Among them are Finnish economist Willy Lehdonvirta, Irish cryptospecialist Michael Clear, Neil King, Charles Bry, Vladimir Oxman, Japanese mathematician Shinichi Mochizuki. All of them denied any connection with the creation of the first cryptocurrency. More exotic versions say that the American authorities or even the programmer and drug dealer Paul de Roux are hiding behind the pseudonym.

What is Satoshi: Bitcoin for everyone

Whatever the fate of the real creator of bitcoin, the name of Satoshi Nakamoto remained immortalized in the very network of the first cryptocurrency.

Even at the dawn of the appearance of bitcoin, its authors provided for the possibility of crushing coins, which became especially relevant with the growth of the exchange rate. You can keep at least 0.00000001 BTC at home. This minimum unit is called "Satoshi".

Thus, thanks to Satoshi, everyone can invest their funds in bitcoins, not only the owners of large sums.

Read more: What is Satoshi - explanation in simple words


 

Another articles

Germany is turning from the "Motor" of the European Union into the "Sick man of Europe"
Germany is turning from the \ In the second quarter of 2023, the German economy stagnated, and before that it declined for two consecutive quarters. Among most economists, this dynamic is considered a sign of a recession. Meanwhile, the key index of business sentiment compiled by the Munich-based ifo Institute based on a survey of more than nine thousand companies fell for the fourth time in a row, rolling back to the lowest value since August 2020 - when the crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic peaked. Germany is still often called the "engine of Europe", because its potential has been driving the economy of the entire region for many years. But now the country is facing numerous challenges: from the difficult situation on world markets to various structural problems within the German economy itself. Among them are an aging population, a shortage of qualified personnel, bureaucratic delays and slow digitalization.The economy is cyclical: growth phases are replaced by periods of stagnation — and Germany is no exception. The previous recession caught the country at the turn of the century. In 1999, the authoritative business magazine The Economist called Germany "the sick man of Europe." Back then, Germany was facing problems similar to today's: exports and GDP growth slowed down, and the collapse of the dotcom bubble of 2001 also hurt the country. Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder, who has now ruined his reputation in the West because of his close ties with the Kremlin, was still an energetic popular politician at that time - and was able to unravel this tangle of difficulties through reforms. 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Scholz, a pragmatic and reserved politician, was initially elected on promises to stick to the course set by his predecessor Angela Merkel.But today, when Germany is on the verge of an unprecedented crisis since the unification of the country, it will not be possible to maintain the status quo - the country needs reforms again.What's going on with the German economy"We have a real problem, especially in the energy-intensive industry and in the construction industry. There are two main reasons for this: high energy prices due to the outbreak of war in Ukraine and a sharp increase in key rates," says Professor of Economics at the University of Dusseldorf, member of the Scientific Advisory Council at the Ministry of Economy of Germany Jens Sudekum. He believes that, despite the leveling of GDP in the second quarter, the economy will continue to fall, reaching the bottom by about the end of 2023, and possibly will move to growth only at the beginning of 2024.The first victims of the crisisOne of the early victims of the crisis was the chemical industry — the third largest industry in Germany. Chemical manufacturers require large amounts of electricity to produce intermediate materials used in almost all sectors of the economy. In recent months, several large German chemical concerns, including BASF — the market leader that has existed since the middle of the XIX century — have warned of declining profits and the inability to achieve previously set targets this year.Another German company with a history, Linde, which gained fame more than a hundred years ago thanks to its cooling system for breweries, and now has become the world's largest producer of industrial gases, has decided to abandon stock trading on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange in favor of the New York Stock Exchange due to capital growth restrictions in Germany. At the same time, the company was the most valuable component of the main German stock index DAX.The real estate sector was also immediately affected by the crisis. Here, in addition to the jumped prices for building materials, the growth of key rates is most pressing: people have become less willing to take out a mortgage due to the high cost of borrowing. According to the largest German real estate market analytical agency Bulwiengesa, in the first half of the year the number of new construction projects fell by almost half, and the decline in housing construction is even greater.Defense spending growthThe defense industry has recently begun to support the German economy. It began to grow after a long stagnation due to the powerful impetus given by the Russian invasion of Ukraine. On the third day after the outbreak of the great war in February 2022, Olaf Scholz announced the allocation of a record 100 billion euros for the modernization of the army in the coming years. As a result, the share price of Rheinmetall alone, which produces components of Leopard tanks supplied to Ukraine, has doubled in a year and a half.The news about the allocation of an unprecedented defense package came as a surprise to the country. In post-war Germany, military spending remained consistently low, and the local army, the Bundeswehr, was the subject of numerous jokes. For example, according to German defense industry laws, it is forbidden to produce tanks to replenish reserves. In matters of security, Berlin mainly relies on the United States, which has a military contingent of about 35,000 people in Germany — the largest in Europe.Energy crisisThese days it is exactly one year since the supply of Russian pipeline gas to Germany almost completely stopped. At the end of September 2022, explosions occurred on three lines of the Nord Stream gas pipelines, which put a fat end even to the theoretical possibility of resuming Russian supplies to the country.However, by that time the gas had almost ceased to flow through the pipes lying at the bottom of the Baltic Sea. After the outbreak of the war, Germany announced that it would refuse to supply the Nord Stream - 2, which had just been completed by that time, and Russia, in turn, significantly reduced the volume of gas pumping through the Nord Stream -1, explaining this by technical problems in the turbines.Meanwhile, prices for Russian gas, with which Germany provided 40% of its energy consumption, began to rise even before the start of the war, as markets reacted in advance to the growth of geopolitical tensions.The situation was further aggravated by the country's long-planned abandonment of nuclear energy, which came into force in 2022. The Germans took the Chernobyl and Fukushima accidents painfully, and the decision to gradually close nuclear power plants was made under Angela Merkel.To date, electricity prices in Germany have reached one of the highest levels in Europe. 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For example, Mercedes-Benz recently announced the release of the latest E—class model with an internal combustion engine - there will be no more of them. But whether German brands, which gained fame thanks to discoveries in the field of mechanics made more than a hundred years ago, will be able to adapt to the new era of the automotive industry is a big question. Today, drivers are increasingly appreciating technical innovations and environmental friendliness, rather than the amount of horsepower and engine capacity. And digitalization has not yet become a strong side of the German economy.Consequences of the pandemicAnother factor exerting pressure on the German economy is related to the consequences of the coronavirus pandemic, says Professor Sudekum. Border closures and lockdowns have seriously disrupted the global supply chain system. 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Credit Suisse - will the Lehman Brothers story repeat itself?
Deutsche Bank, stock, UBS Group, stock, Credit Suisse - will the Lehman Brothers story repeat itself? "History repeats itself" is a well-known expression, which is based on the hypothesis that the development of society is a cycle of certain events and phenomena, and that history, like economics, is characterized by cyclicity. Considering that history does not only record the heyday of empires, and that the cycle of the economy always goes through crises, it becomes uncomfortable when the symptoms of past economic recessions begin to manifest themselves in modern times.The year 2022, a critical situation for Credit Suisse, one of the largest banks in the world and the second largest bank in Switzerland. All analysts agree that if it goes bankrupt, the consequences will be similar to those of the bankruptcy of US Lehman Brothers in September 2008. The global financial crisis of 2008 was one of the most serious financial and economic crises since the Great Depression, the consequences of which are still continuing in some countries.Credit Suisse in the global banking systemCredit Suisse is the second largest bank in Switzerland, a systemically important bank in the global financial system, the main dealer and currency counterparty to the U.S. Federal Reserve System, a leader in the global market of structured products.The stability of the entire banking system depends on banks like Credit Suisse. Their bankruptcy could have dire consequences for the entire financial system. Everyone remembers the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers, the bank filed for bankruptcy on September 15, 2008, after rejecting the bailout. Many consider it the beginning of the global financial crisis of 2008.Credit Suisse problemsThere is now a growing murmur in the news background about problems at Credit Suisse. Credit Suisse has been involved in a large number of scandals in recent years. Last year, the bank suffered billions of dollars in losses with the bankruptcies of major clients Greensill Capital, a financial company, and Archegos Capital Management, a hedge fund. Both of these failures were accompanied by allegaticredons of misconduct and potential fraud.Now the U.S. Department of Justice has taken up a new investigation: the bank is suspected of violating the law again. Former bankers have filed a compromise against the company that says it is once again helping customers evade taxes.Credit Suisse Group AG CEO Ulrich Körner said the bank is at a "critical juncture" as it prepares to restructure. The memo was sent out to staff after the company's CDS jumped to all-time highs and the stock price hit all-time lows.What could be the consequences of Credit Suisse's bankruptcyGiven Credit Suisse's role in the global banking system, realizing the risk of its bankruptcy would have global consequences:Shares and structured products issued by Credit Suisse would lose all their value. The bank is the largest player in the structured products market, which would cause the entire structured products market to implode.The chain reaction and collapse of such banks as Deutsche Bank, Credite Agricole, Unicredit, Barclays, Bank of China, Societe Generale and Standard Chartered and many intermediaries.The crisis of the global financial system and the collapse comparable to 2008.The return of many central banks to stimulating the economy through the printing press.The bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers was unexpected and shocked the financial system. The problems of Credit Suisse have been known for a long time, and there is a high probability that the Swiss government will help the bank in case the situation worsens. But there is a question of the size of this help.This year the ratio of tier 1 capital adequacy of Credit Suisse will make 13-14%, which is considered high for large financial companies and exceeds the regulatory norms. But Goldman Sachs Group Inc. estimates that if the bank doesn't address its problems, it could face an $8 billion capital shortfall in 2024.Now, to reassure investors, the bank said it intends to buy eight issues of euro- and sterling-denominated bonds totaling up to $1 billion. It is also prepared to buy twelve issues of U.S. dollar-denominated securities totaling up to $2 billion.On October 27, 2022, the bank plans to present a detailed plan for its reorganization along with its quarterly results.ConclusionThroughout its history, mankind has gone through numerous crises. Each crisis is unique in its cause, depth and duration. But what all crises have in common is that they end. A recession is always followed by recovery and growth.What does an investor need to know and what should he prepare for? Crises are always accompanied by a decline in the stock markets. That is why it is important for an investor to take care of maximum protection of his capital. First of all, you need to maximize the share of protective assets in your investment portfolio.
Oct 18, 2022
IndexaCo
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U.S. vs OPEC+: who will win the oil race
Brent Crude Oil, commodities, WTI Crude Oil, commodities, U.S. vs OPEC+: who will win the oil race OPEC+ is markedly reducing oil production - in fact, the exporting countries will pump about 1 million barrels less per day. We have written earlier on why this is so.As a result, supply at the market has become lower, so prices have gone up and are approaching $100 per barrel again.What will the U.S. do after the OPEC+ statement?The coming energy crisis and the high inflation it causes are scaring the whole world, but it's the States that are worried the most right now:expensive oil means expensive fuel;it's causing prices of almost all commodities to rise;inflation is going up - the Fed keeps tightening policy;high key interest rates are pushing the U.S. closer to recession;in addition, high fuel prices can cause social discontent.To prevent this, the U.S. is trying to influence the largest oil producers and keep prices down. Otherwise, the Democrats will most likely not win the congressional elections. They are due in a month.The U.S. started to prepare in advance: President Biden flew to Saudi Arabia this summer and persuaded the U.S. to bring down oil prices. But it did not work out very well: OPEC acts in its own way and does not want to listen to Americans. As a result, the failed negotiations with the Saudis have further diminished the credibility of Biden and the Democrats' ability to influence oil, inflation and economic stability in the United States.However, the Biden administration is not giving up; they have a few more options - rather radical ones - on how to lower oil prices.Additional Oil ReleaseThe safest, though least effective, option is to further draw oil from strategic U.S. storage facilities. In response to OPEC+'s decision to cut production, Biden announced that the U.S. would release 10 million barrels of oil, even as storage reserves are depleted.That would be all well and good, but the announcement had little or no effect on oil prices, especially compared to the previous similar decision to release 180 million barrels to the market. No wonder: the volumes are not comparable.In addition, since U.S. storage reserves are running out, there is a risk that they will not be enough for a rainy day: in case of sharp reductions in domestic production (for example, during hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico) or imports (if OPEC+ countries reduce exports).Reducing military aid to the ArabsDemocrats have drafted a "Tense Partnership" bill in response to OPEC+ and specifically the alliance's leaders, Saudi Arabia and the UAE. They are accused of "a hostile act against the United States" and "siding with Russia in the conflict with Ukraine."As revenge, the U.S. could withdraw its troops from these countries and stop supplying weapons and other military aid to fight neighboring states and terrorists. This includes protecting oil infrastructure from attack.This option also has disadvantages: without U.S. military support in these countries, there could be problems that would inevitably affect the global oil supply. After all, if military actions or terrorist attacks affect the oil fields or storage facilities of Saudi Aramco, oil will cost even more, and such attacks occur quite often.So even if the Saudis and the UAE will not reduce exports in response to the withdrawal of troops and reduction of arms supply, there is a good chance that sooner or later the fighting will make prices go up.In addition, Saudi Arabia has already planned to prepare for a possible conflict with the United States. For example, in the spring the Saudis said they were going to explore ways to move away from the petrodollar - that is, not to use bucks in the black gold trade. In this case, the demand for the dollar could fall dramatically, especially if other oil-exporting countries do the same.NOPEC: Conflict with OPEC+Amid disagreements with OPEC, the U.S. may return to the "oil production and export cartel law," NOPEC, to have more leverage on oil exporters.In this case, U.S. courts will be able to consider antitrust suits against OPEC+ and in general against countries involved in cartel collusion in the oil market. Under the decision of their own courts, the U.S. will be able to impose sanctions, confiscate property of these countries and put pressure on them in other ways. At the same time, the U.S. itself will indicate what is legal and what is not, thus assessing any actions of the countries that regulate oil production and prices.This option also has a disadvantage: sanctions on exporters would also hit the U.S. itself. If oil prices become lower, the U.S. oil industry will also be hard hit: domestic production will decrease and it will have to import more. And since the market is competitive, and the U.S. in this case will be "enemies of OPEC +", they will have to buy oil more expensive.So, even if the U.S. takes a drastic step - provoking a conflict with Saudi Arabia or the UAE, or starting a sanctions war with OPEC+ - all this will have a negative impact on themselves.Can't sanctions be lifted on Venezuela?As we can see, the U.S. has almost no normal options left to influence the oil market. Nevertheless, the U.S. says it is not going to remove sanctions from Venezuela yet, despite the fact that this would help get more oil on the market and lower oil prices. We may see some new rhetoric in this regard, but no change for now.The Iran deal has also been stalled so far: there is no news or movement on it. Although it is possible that disagreements with the Saudis may attract the U.S. to support Iran, because these are the two sides of the Arab conflict.On the one hand, Iranian oil would help to increase supply, but there is a nuance here as well: the reserves in this country are not grandiose, moreover, most of the oil is already exported in circumvention of sanctions.So what to do with Brent and WTI crude oil prices in 2022?If we discard all of the above options, then all we have to do is sit back and watch oil go up in price. The outlook is also bad: even if the world starts a recession and the demand for oil decreases, OPEC+ is already reducing production and adjusting to negative expectations, and also the supply from Russia may decrease if the embargo comes into force.And if that's the case, U.S. inflation will be high. And given the strong labor market, the Fed may raise the rate even more than 1.25% by the end of the year, and it is not certain that it will slow down next year as well. If rates remain high for a long time, the risk of recession in the U.S. is very high, and stocks and cryptocurrencies will have no fuel for growth. As a result, the economy will have a hard time: liquidity is scarce.If the U.S. starts to act sharply, the dollar is at risk: the "oil" countries can give it up to reduce dependence on the United States. But if the U.S. does nothing, tightening Fed policy will keep the dollar very strong - though at the cost of high inflation and recession. If you are interested in WTI analytics, we recommend you to visit the analytics page, where you can find the latest analytics on Forex from top traders from all over the world. These analytics will be useful both for beginners and professional traders. The Forex signals service makes it much easier for beginners to make their first steps in trading on the financial markets. The latest WTI forecasts and signals contain support and resistance levels, as well as stop-loss levels.
Oct 11, 2022
IndexaCo
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Investing in meta-universes: 4 ideas
Microsoft, stock, Meta Platforms, stock, Roblox, stock, Investing in meta-universes: 4 ideas Apple CEO Tim Cook said that the word "meta-universe" is still misunderstood by the vast majority of people in the world. That's why Apple is trying to avoid the term. The company has mentioned it once. But Meta (recognized as an extremist organization) has used the word "meta-universe" 36 times in its reports this year.And before, Apple was not afraid to set trends and create demand where there was none. Apparently, Meta, which is not afraid to use new words, will now be in charge. Moreover, metaworld is not just an abstract term, but quite specific tasks and solutions (VR-helmets, 3D-graphics, software and so on), on which many companies work.Roblox Metawell (NYSE: RBLX)This is a publicly traded company whose meta-villain is already built and popular today, while others have it only as plans for the future. A share of the company is worth $38 -- nearly five times cheaper than it was at the peak of market hype (November 2021). Last year we underestimated the enthusiasm of the market by half - the price soared to $141. Accordingly, this value over a 3-5 year horizon reflects the potential value of the stock. Analysts emphasize the opportunity offered to users: they can build their own games and applications with the help of an internal constructor. Anyone can work with the platform thanks to a simple interface and flexible functionality.Investing in meta-universes through Unity Software (NYSE: U)Developer of a 3D video game engine. The company's stock is now worth $36.6 - six times cheaper than its peak value (also reached in November 2021), and even cheaper than the low end of its IPO range ($44). At the same time, the company's revenues are twice as high as the 2019 IPO it reported.Microsoft Metasites (NASDAQ: MSFT)Last year generated $198 billion in revenue and $72 billion in profit. With a capitalization of $1.8 trillion, it is the largest and most resilient maker of software, hardware game software and games. As this company's history shows, if it doesn't manage to become a leading player in its target market right away, it still takes a significant share of it over time.Investing in Meta (NASDAQ: META)Zuckerberg is serious and plans to create his own meta universe using all available resources. He's got the makings for it: 3 billion monthly active social media users, ownership of Oculus, the company that makes VR helmets, and enough cash flow to service it all. But so far, the reality lab division (those meta universes) has spent $10 billion on revenues of only $2.3 billion.
Oct 09, 2022
IndexaCo
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"Reliable Swiss" all in holes: waiting for Credit Suisse bankruptcy?
\ Credit Suisse and Lehman Brothers: will the Swiss bank repeat the story of 2008?Swiss bank Credit Suisse is in trouble: its bonds have plummeted to a record low. In addition, the CDS value of these bonds has skyrocketed. This is a kind of "insurance" against default of the issuer, and the greater the market fears about such an outcome, the higher the value of CDS.Why such pessimism about Credit Suisse?A string of failures and scandals surrounding Credit Suisse have led to it:last year, billion-dollar losses were caused by the bank's major clients - financial services firm Greensill Capital and hedge fund Archegos Capital Management;the bank ended the first half of the year with a loss of $1.7 mln, the reasons being an alleged Russian special operation, rising inflation and a tightening of the central bank's monetary policy;in February of this year, a journalistic investigation, "Secrets of Credit Suisse", was released about "immoral clients of the bank";a Swiss court found Credit Suisse guilty of laundering money from Bulgarian drug traffickers;it is also suspected of having links to Russian oligarchs and violating sanctions: it is reported that Credit Suisse asked hedge funds and other investors to destroy documents concerning loans to sanctioned individuals.  These are not all the scandals in which Credit Suisse has been involved over the last 2 years. The bank is not used to scandals. It ruined its reputation long time ago - in the late 90s Credit Suisse and other Swiss banks were accused of having links to Nazi Germany and embezzling deposits of Holocaust victims.Read more about the Swiss bank's "dirty dealings" in an article by The Guardian or in our article.Will Credit Suisse not make it this time?They have already started comparing it to Lehman Brothers which went bankrupt in 2008 and triggered the world crisis. Indeed, Credit Suisse is also very big, the second largest bank in Switzerland and one of the largest investment banks in the world. The consequences of its collapse cannot be predicted in advance - too many financial chains are tied to it.However, after the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers, the authorities all over the world came to the concept of too big to fail. Its essence is in the point that it is easier to save such a bank than pull the whole financial system out. Logically, if Credit Suisse is included in the list of systemically important banks of the world, it means that they will not let it go bankrupt. But this is not certain.However, the bank itself is already trying to improve the situation. To avoid bankruptcy filing, on October 27 Credit Suisse will present the report for the third quarter and the plan for business reorganization.It also plans to sell part of its assets. The most radical option is to get rid of the American division. Also among the options to get out of the situation is splitting the investment business into three parts, with a "bad assets bank" being spun off. Cutting 5,000 employees is also being discussed.  Will downsizing and splitting up the business help?Probably, but the problem is fundamental. After all, Credit Suisse is a universal bank. In addition to traditional commercial banking, it is engaged in investment activities (asset management operations, mergers and acquisitions, securities and derivatives trading). By the way, it was the investment division that led to the problems.What prompted "Reliable Swiss" to change its risk profile? First of all, regulatory permissiveness, a period of record-low interest rates and the policy of quantitative easing. After all, in a low-interest-rate economy, it's hard to make money on classic banking - hence the desire to lend to risky hedge funds and dubious investment companies. That's exactly what you can make more money on - especially when the bubble inflates.Is Credit Suisse the first swallow?Credit Suisse's problems are bad, but even worse is that it may not have been the only one to follow such a strategy. Now that all the bubbles in the world are deflating, other banks may also announce problems. For example, there are already rumors about problems in CSFB and Deutsche Bank. The most acute situation is with the fall of the bond market, because until recently they were considered a reliable tool and were often used as collateral for many loans.In fact, the problem of separation of commercial and investment banks is as old as the world. But it seems that mankind keeps stepping on the same rake.
Oct 05, 2022
IndexaCo
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Sex and Forex: what do they have in common?
Sex and Forex: what do they have in common? In another interpretation, it is also called lovers' day. But, in the end, what difference does it make, the root is one - love! And love, as the poet said, all Forex is submissive! Did the poet say something wrong? Well, it's just that there was no forex back then, he would have corrected himself…Have you ever wondered what there might be in common between FOREX and SEX (except ending, of course)? It is worth imagining a little and you can draw an analogy to almost any concept or action on forex and find an association!  There are no minors here, so I suggest in honor of the thematic holiday to have a little fun and spend a sexy ten-minute. We will not use Viagra, since all of us here are full of energy, enthusiasm and ready for sexual and trading exploits. Well, who is not ready, and Viagra will not help much…Virtual sex trade on demo. In virtual sex, you can imagine yourself (and introduce yourself online) as anyone. Even Brad Pitt, even Antonio Banderas, and even Britney Spears. You will flirt, seduce, imagine how cool you are. And the real result at the output is zero point zero! And so you decided to return to reality and set up a live date with your chosen one. And then a bummer! Instead of a long-legged beauty, a hairy, sweaty man comes to you on a date. And his name is disgusting - Margin Call!Market analysis is a prelude. Good preparation (foreplay) is the key to good sex! You will not wait until the partner is in the right condition at the beginning, it will be difficult to bring him to the desired result in the end! The main thing in this case is not to rush! Do not proceed to the main part of the Marlaison ballet if your partner has not yet matured. Watch him, try to understand his mood, feel when he is ready for action. And only after that – full speed ahead!Love is the key to great sex and a cure for frigidity and impotence! Without love, sex is bland, boring and uninteresting. And with her, he looks like an atomic bomb explosion! Do you like the market? If not, then don't expect reciprocity. You have to love the market. And only then will he respond to your courtship.If you have spontaneous sex, it's trading on the news. Look-spark-discharge! An irresistible desire to do IT here and now. You want her, she wants you. Feelings are strained to the limit, a shiver runs through your bodies, unable to restrain yourself any longer, you grab her in your arms and enter ... into a deal. And then... then, how lucky! Either you thank me for the incomparable impressions, or you curse yourself for what the world is worth, and you think – why did I fall for her at all?? But you have time to grab your portion of adrenaline in any case!There is no need to be afraid of sex for money – trading on signals. It's great - you don't have to do anything special! Professionals will do everything for you. Well, really, it's if good professionals. Sit (lie down) – get high! Well, what remains if someone does not work out for love? At least once, but it's worth a try, for comparison. However, the question arises, who uses whom – you or you? Therefore, it is better still for love! A thousand times more colors and impressions.So. Well, what do you say to getting a stop – a sexual fiasco? I tried, I did everything right, but it didn't work out at all!  At the most inopportune and crucial moment, this unpredictable creature says – "And the ceiling is not painted!" And turns in the other direction… There remains a feeling of resentment and dissatisfaction. I really want to play everything back and try again. But time has passed and the train is already far away…The initiative to change the pose is usually welcome. Especially if nothing works out in the usual one. Pose is a fundamental concept in Kama Sutra and forex! Each of us, of course, at least once in his life looked at the positions of the Kama Sutra (who did not do it – it's never too late to start sexual experiments). However, some poses (especially beginners) need to be looked upside down in order to understand what kind of intricacy of arms and legs there is, and to catch at least some sense in such tricks! You need to have good flexibility and a rich imagination to execute some particularly bold positions. A natural question arises: is it worth it? You can get out and pervert yourself as you like, but it does not always bring the expected pleasure. Exotic poses can numb your arms and legs, and you won't get a profit! Very rarely aggressive attempts like "lock", "stop-flip" and "averaging" help to achieve trading ecstasy!And, of course, tune in to get a profit! Profit is akin to orgasm. You've fallen in love, they don't seem to be chasing you either. There came a moment X when you decided it was time to do IT. You showed patience and endurance, studied the habits and characteristics of the object of lust – and the foreplay was a bang! And if in the main part of the process you were able to feel each other, be attentive to the little things, take your time, then a mutual orgasm will not take long to wait! My deepest conviction is that there are no cold women, as well as bad markets. There are bad lovers.  And illiterate traders.Contraception is the most important thing in sex. And in forex. Protect yourself, protect yourself and protect yourself again! Not sure about choosing the right partner? Don't know what to expect from him? Stay out of the market on the fence. And if you decide to get involved - be sure to follow the rules of money management! We are for safe sex!Adventures in sex and forex do not lead to anything good. Promiscuous sex life did not bring anyone to good. Casual sex, as well as a casual transaction – if without consequences, then there will be something to remember with a smile in old age. And if with the consequences, you will have to be treated for a long time, and it is very likely that you will not restore the deposit. It depends on what you get sick with…
Jul 19, 2022
IndexaCo
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