The crypto industry continues to develop rapidly and the total number of virtual coins has exceeded the mark of 10,000 projects. The main goal of the release of a new digital asset is the desire of developers to create an independent payment network for fast and secure mutual settlements.The most popular crypto coin is still considered to be the patriarch of blockchain assets Bitcoin. This is the universally recognized king of cryptography, maintaining its status as the first and most expensive cryptocurrency on the market. Its name has become synonymous with the term cryptocurrency, but there are also many alternative projects.Read more: When Bitcoin appeared: telling the story of BTCPeople who do not have practical skills in working with virtual financial instruments are poorly versed in all the nuances of this area. Therefore, they often know almost nothing about the existence of other digital currencies with high potential. Having scrupulously studied the innovative sphere of blockchain technologies and digital payments, the user will learn about alternative cryptocurrencies to bitcoin, belonging to the altcoin category.Before investing money in any crypto project, you need to understand what this digital currency is. We will now present you a detailed overview of the characteristic features of violas and brief stories of the most popular projects.ContentWhat is Altcoin?Feature of coinsTypes of altcoins and mining methodsTOP 10 popular altcoinsWhat do you need to know before investing?Where can I buy altcoins?Where to store altcoins?ConclusionWhat is Altcoin?In simple words, alcoins are all cryptocurrencies except Bitcoin. The first Bitcoin virtual coin, created in 2008 by the legendary Satoshi Nakamoto, remains unique and unrepeatable, but progress cannot be stopped and inspired by the success of the first blockchain project, cryptographers began to develop alternative payment networks. They strive to make cryptocurrency payments even faster and more reliable, introduce innovative technologies in all spheres of life, and transfer the world economy to cyberspace.Read more: Who is Satoshi Nakamoto This is how modified digital coins with different purposes appeared. They use their own unique blockchain networks for their work, and are not copies of the first cryptocurrency. Of course, there are virtual coins that have arisen as a result of a branch of the main Bitcoin chain, that is, modified copies, or as they are also called in another way, hard forks, but this is still a separate category. We are now talking about completely new resources created on an individual basis. New altcoins can either directly compete with bitcoin as a means of payment, or be created for other purposes. All this abundance of virtual payment assets can be designated by the term altcoin, which means "alternative coin" in translation.Many altcoins are very similar to bitcoin in that they:They are created during the mining processThey are based on a peer-to-peer network, and, therefore, are completely decentralizedThey strive to offer a cheaper and more efficient way to make transactions and purchases on the Internet.Altcoins have become extremely popular recently due to the rise in Bitcoin prices and the expensive mining process. Bitcoin mining has become almost inaccessible for most users, so crypto enthusiasts choose more economical options. Some altcoins do not represent anything special at all, but only try to replace Bitcoin. Others, such as the same Ether, were developed with the goal of becoming a worldwide computer and can be used as a platform for creating decentralized applications. Some alternative crypto projects are experimenting with code or new security features that can later be implemented in the bitcoin protocol.There are also fundamentally other types of altcoins, these are stable coins, security tokens and service tokens.Stablecoins are coins tied to an existing asset, such as the US dollar or euro. The meaning of linking a virtual coin to a traditional financial asset is a real reduction in the volatility of the exchange rateSecurity tokens are a form of investment contract that gives the consumer the right to participate in the management of the company and the distribution of profits. They are usually related to business, so there are stricter rules for the purchase and transfer of security tokens.Service tokens provide the user with access to a particular web service. For example, Filecoin token holders can spend cryptocurrency to gain access to the Filecoin decentralized peer-to-peer network, which stores files on the Internet.Not all altcoins were created with serious intentions. There are coins dedicated to dogs (Dogecoin), potatoes (Potatocoin) or Kanye West (Coinye). But, even such "comic" cryptocurrencies, under certain conditions, can get into the TOP 10 of the rating by capitalization, which was demonstrated this year by the digital asset Dogecoin. One video on the social network Tiktok and a couple of tweets from Elon Musk was enough for a native. The meme cryptocurrency, which had not previously risen above $ 0.01, suddenly rose sharply to $ 0.731578 in 2021. However, then the exchange rate fell somewhat, nevertheless, the Great Dane is ahead of such well-known altos as Ripple, Bitcoin Cash, Litecoin in terms of capitalization. The dog coin has copycat projects, the most famous of them is the Shiba Inu token issued according to the ERC-20 standard.Read more: What is Litecoin?This year, the alternative coins Polygon (MATIC), Solana (SOL), Cardano (ADA) and a number of other young projects also showed quite high growth. Of course, not in every case, altcoin becomes more expensive only because a certain group of major market players showed a purely speculative interest in it. Many promising coins have been issued that are really trying to compete with bitcoin and offer very interesting solutions to the problems of practical use of distributed ledger technology. But at a time when the market is so-called "overheated" and the sharks of crypto trading are in a hurry to increase their capital, such projects often fall into the category of undeservedly forgotten. It happens that this is facilitated by a weak marketing policy of the team.Formally, altcoins do not depend on the state of affairs of the main cryptocurrency BTC, their value is regulated by the law of supply and demand. But this rule partially works with respect to well-known and well-promoted blockchain projects. Young cryptocurrencies and underdeveloped systems that have failed to withstand competition and occupy a worthy niche in cyberspace react harshly to the fluctuations in the exchange rate of digital gold – Bitcoin. However, to one degree or another, the volatility of bitcoin affects the entire cryptocurrency market.Read more: What are Stablecoins and how do they differ from other cryptocurrenciesFeature of coinsCompared to fiat money or bitcoin, altos have a number of positive aspects that arouse the interest of large investors and ordinary users.Altcoins are:Convenience and accessibility in use;Good liquidity;Higher execution speed than Bitcoin transactions;Cheap mining equipment;High level of privacy;Stable access to financial instruments.Altcoins have an improved program code that allows you to expand the possibilities of using cryptocurrency.Of course, altcoins are not without drawbacks. First of all, it should be noted:Abrupt fluctuations in the exchange rate. Investors react violently to the news of the crypto market, statements of politicians and business sharks. Fluctuations in quotations and prices provoke the most insignificant changes and innovations of the blockchain industry. One or two comments from influential people on Facebook or Twitter can seriously affect the course of altcoins and decide the fate of a young project.There is a high risk of losing the trust of the community. Promising altcoins are growing in price due to the increased interest of depositors. But their position is unstable and at the first error, investors can panic and literally bury a very promising altcoin.Transactions in any cryptocurrency are irreversible. Having taken possession of the private keys from the wallet of a careless investor, a fraudster will easily steal funds. Even if the private key is simply lost due to carelessness, the money will be frozen forever.A certain part of the new altcoins, in general, belongs to the category of coins that have no value. They are created only to lure money from potential investors, taking advantage of the low media literacy of society and the reluctance of users to study the basics of blockchain technology and the distinctive features of a particular crypto project.Read more: Mining farm for cryptocurrencies. How to build a farmTypes of altcoins and mining methodsAll altcoins can be divided into groups according to their hashing algorithm and the method of protecting the network. Blockchain engineers have developed dozens of hash algorithms, the most common are:SHA-256;Ethash;Scrypt;Equihash;CryptoNight;X11;X17/X15/X13/X21S/X25X;X16Rv2/X16R;Neoscrypt;Lyra2REv2;Blake256/Blake2S/Kessak.RandomX;Octopus;Autolykos;Vetchain.KawPow.ProgPow;BeamHash;Cukatoo;CukooCucle;MTP.Read more: What is SHA-256The vast majority of altcoins have been created on the basis of these cryptographic hash functions.According to the method of network protection, or to put it another way, according to the consensus algorithm, alcoins are divided into Proof-of-Work (PoW) and Proof-of-Stake (PoS).In networks that use the proof-of-work algorithm, miners are engaged in verifying transactions and creating new blocks. This is the name of the owners of computing power involved in the process called mining. Altcoin earned in the process of mining, they sell on exchanges or postpone for a long time in anticipation of the take-off of the course. Miners are constantly looking for promising altcoins to earn money, most popular crypto networks can not do without their participation.Systems running on the proof of ownership (PoS) algorithm delegate the authority to verify transactions and create new blocks to validators. To become a validator, you need to have a certain number of network tokens on your wallet and install a special program on your PC. In some cryptosystems, validators are elected by universal suffrage or appointed by the project administration.Some cryptosets use other security algorithms, which by and large are modifications of Proof-of-Stake, or integrate both methods of achieving consensus at the same time.The issue of tokens and the method of issue depends on the program code of the cryptocurrency. For example, in the second most powerful blockchain ecosystem after bitcoin, Ethereum, there is no limit on the maximum number of coins issued. In many other systems, the number of coins is limited. At the same time, they can be extracted gradually in the process of PoW or PoS mining, or they can be issued at the same time when the network is launched. In this case, the reward for generating blocks and processing transactions is paid exclusively at the expense of commissions for payment operations.Read more: Guide to PoW, PoS, PoA: how consensus algorithms work in blockchainsTOP 10 popular altcoinsWhen compiling the rating of alternative cryptomonets, the following characteristics are taken into account:Coin prices on exchanges and the market capitalization of the network.Ease to use.The dynamics of the course and the prospects for the development of the project.If the list of leaders has been almost unchanged over the past three years, then in 2021 there were serious changes in the market of alternative coins. The top ten largest altos by capitalization included Dogecoin and Cardano cryptomonets, Binance Coin and Uniswap exchange tokens, as well as new-generation blockchain projects Polkadot and Internet Computer (ICP).If the success of Binance Coin was well deserved and expected, then the rest of the projects still need to prove that they rightfully took their place at the top. Cryptocurrencies came very close to them: Chainlink, Solana, Polygon, Theta, Vechain and Filecoin.Read more: Binance: history, features, coins and verificationBut the cryptocurrencies Dash, Monero, ETC, XML, Tron and EOS have significantly decreased in the rating. Nevertheless, it is too early to discount these blockchain projects, each of them may well return to the top ten.So, the TOP 10 altcoins:Ethereum;Binance Coin;Cardano;Doge coin;Ripple;Polcadot;Uniswap;ICP;Litecoin;Bitcoin Cash.You can talk for a long time about the advantages of using each of the coins, but if you talk briefly, it should be noted:The market capitalization of most of the above-mentioned blockchain projects exceeds a billion dollars. However, in the current period, 71 cryptocurrencies have such a level of capitalization.All coins have good liquidity, are traded on popular crypto exchanges and in online exchangers. Each of them can be easily exchanged for bitcoin or withdrawn to fiat.The owners have no problems with storing cryptocurrency data. Official and multi-currency altcoin wallets are supported, each of the tokens can be stored in a Ledger hardware safe.Project developers do not sit idly by, each of the networks is dynamically developing and finding application in real life.It is not yet possible to exchange Cardano, Binance Coin, Polcadot, Uniswap and ICP coins that have recently entered the top ten for ordinary money in online exchanges. At least, in those that are on the list Bestchange.ru. To buy, we recommend using the Binance exchange.You can read more about the characteristics of each of the 10 cryptocurrencies in the thematic reviews on our website.Read more: Blockchain technology: how it works and where it is usedWhat do you need to know before investing?An inexperienced investor can easily get lost from the wealth of choosing alternative cryptocurrencies. As a result, he will either invest money in some scam project, or he will not pay attention to the altos at all, investing everything in Bitcoin. In the first case, he will simply lose money. And in the second, not wanting to buy an altcoin, which will soon rise in price, may miss the maximum benefit and wait a very long time for the rise in the value of digital gold. However, the second option is not hopeless at all, the cost of the BTC cryptocurrency will increase, but successfully investing in altos, you can earn more and much faster. At the same time, you should pay attention to the following criteria:The goals of creating a cryptocurrency and technical parameters.If you want to invest in a particular project, read the white paper and the roadmap, evaluate the prospects.The reputation of the founders and partners of the project.The liquidity of the coin on the exchanges.Reviews in social networks and comments from recognized experts.And most importantly, weigh the risks and do not get into debt, hoping for a quick profit. Invest exactly as much as you are afraid of losing.Read more: Everything you need to know about Ethereum (ETH)Where to buy altcoins?Each of the altcoins undergoes the listing procedure at least on one cryptoplatform of digital money exchange at launch. As the popularity grows, other exchanges include the coin in the number of trading pairs.We recommend using only popular exchanges for buying coins that have earned a good reputation: Binance, Huobi Global, Bittrex, Exmo or ProBit Exchange.After a simple registration on the Binance exchange, install additional account protection. For full-fledged trading, go through account verification and download the app to your phone. This exchange is considered the best trading platform in the world, fast support solves any problems of users.Read more: Overview of the Huobi Global ExchangeWhere to store altcoins?The presence of an official wallet is one of the signs of a reliable altcoin. Although such a well-known cryptocurrency as Ripple does not have an official wallet, and in principle, the most reliable way to store any cryptocurrency is Trezor or Ledger hardware safes.For a list of applications that work with a particular coin, see the developers ' website and in reviews dedicated to a specific digital currency. The most unreliable place for placing altcoins is the deposits of crypto exchanges. However, if you do not plan to keep the coin for a long time, then send it immediately to the exchange to put it up for auction.ConclusionIt is no secret that with the introduction of blockchain technology and the arrival of bitcoin, we came across a virtual portal leading to a completely new world of opportunities not only in the financial sector, but also in almost all spheres of life.Alternative coins have helped expand the cryptocurrency space. The growth of altcoins in the market over the past few years has significantly improved the perception of digital assets. Humanity is constantly working to create a new, more perfect system. With the appearance of new ideas and problems that arise every day, it is difficult to immediately get something ideal. The technology is constantly being improved, and altcoins help to find innovative and justified solutions.It is not difficult to make a general forecast of altcoins in principle, they will never disappear. Having appeared shortly after the first Bitcoin cryptocurrency, they competed with it and stimulated the development of the blockchain industry as a whole. Of course, all altcoins 2021 from the huge list of Coinmarketcap will not exist forever.Garbage projects will close quickly, those who can't stand the competition will also eventually go bankrupt. But, there will always be several alternative networks to the main cryptocurrency, as well as niche blockchain projects. It is difficult to say whether the altos will be able to displace bitcoin or not, but the emergence of a new leader will only increase competition and mark the beginning of the next stage of the technological ...